Timely Topics

Effects of ruminal pH on gene expression in the rumen epithelium, peripheral blood 4 mononuclear cell subpopulations, and blood metabolites from Holstein calves during 5 weaning transition

By Yo-Han KIM, Noriyuki TOJI, Keiichiro KIZAKI, Kei TAKEMURA, Shiro KUSHIBIKI, Shigeru SATO

In this 2019 paper published in The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, the authors found feeding the only starter to calves decreases rumen pH at weaning with upregulation of the receptor TLR4. Feeding only starter lowered cholesterol synthesis in the rumen epithelium whereas starter and forage combined resulted in higher energy status. Read

Symposium review: The importance of the ruminal epithelial barrier for a healthy and productive cow

By Jörg R. Aschenbach, Qendrim Zebeli, Amlan K. Patra, Gabriele Greco, Salah Amasheh, Gregory B. Penner

The ruminal epithelium is the main site for absorption of key nutrients and electrolytes. Yet, the absorptive function has to be highly selective to prevent entry of microbes and toxins. This study outlines what researchers know, and still must uncover, about the factors that counteract barrier impairment and help with barrier restoration.  Read

Changes in digestive microbiota due to a grain-based SARA challenge

By Jan C. Plaizier, Shucong Li, Anne Mette Danscher, Hooman Derakshani, Pia H. Andersen, Ehsan Khafipour

A study showing how a grain-based diet-induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) challenge impacts the rumen microbiota of lactating dairy cows. The richness, the diversity, as well as the stability of the bacterial communities were reduced for SARA challenged cows. Both ruminal and fecal microbiota were changed, indicating that the rumen but also the hindgut microbiota are affected by SARA challenge. Read
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