Timely Topics

Effects of ruminal pH on gene expression in the rumen epithelium, peripheral blood 4 mononuclear cell subpopulations, and blood metabolites from Holstein calves during 5 weaning transition

By Yo-Han KIM, Noriyuki TOJI, Keiichiro KIZAKI, Kei TAKEMURA, Shiro KUSHIBIKI, Shigeru SATO

In this 2019 paper published in The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, the authors found feeding the only starter to calves decreases rumen pH at weaning with upregulation of the receptor TLR4. Feeding only starter lowered cholesterol synthesis in the rumen epithelium whereas starter and forage combined resulted in higher energy status. Read

Automated assessment of reticulo-ruminal motility in dairy cows using 3-dimensional vision

By X. Song, P. P. J. van der Tol, P. W. G. Groot Koerkamp, and E. A. M. Bokkers

This study demonstrated a low-cost 3D vision system that could automatically and remotely assess the reticulo-ruminal motility of dairy cows. The automated assessment performed similarly to referential manual assessment. In contrast to other available methods of reticulo-ruminal assessment, this automated system was noninvasive and did not distress the cows. Read

Symposium review: The importance of the ruminal epithelial barrier for a healthy and productive cow

By Jörg R. Aschenbach, Qendrim Zebeli, Amlan K. Patra, Gabriele Greco, Salah Amasheh, Gregory B. Penner

The ruminal epithelium is the main site for absorption of key nutrients and electrolytes. Yet, the absorptive function has to be highly selective to prevent entry of microbes and toxins. This study outlines what researchers know, and still must uncover, about the factors that counteract barrier impairment and help with barrier restoration.  Read

Claw disorders in dairy cattle: Effects on production, welfare and farm economics with possible prevention methods

By Marie Alvergnas, Tomasz Strabel, Katarzyna Rzewuska, Ewa Sell-Kubiak

Laminitis-related and infectious claw disorders often cause a decrease in milk yield. Claw disorders are also responsible for reproduction problems and can reduce feed intake. This study examines the most efficient measures to prevent those losses — and improve animal welfare. Read

Intramammary infusion of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide negatively affects feed intake, chewing, and clinical variables, but some effects are stronger in cows experiencing subacute rumen acidosis

By S. Aditya, E. Humer, P. Pourazad, R. Khiaosa-Ard, J. Huber, Q. Zebeli

Cows with Sub Acute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA) are more susceptible to other health challenges than healthy cows. This study showed differences in fever symptoms, DMI and even chewing activity were more pronounced in SARA cows compared to healthy animals. Read
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